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07.29.05


The Importance Of HTML / XHTML Validation

By Herman Drost

Part One I discussed the Benefits of HTML Validation.

Part One can be viewed here. For Part Two I will discuss:

A. What to validate your web pages for

B. The validation process

C. Validation Tools

D. Common validation errors

A. What to validate your web pages for:

1. Doctype

2. HTML or XHTML document ( or other coding languages you have used)

3. CSS style sheet

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4. Links

5. Browsers

6. Screen Resolution

7. Connectivity

B.The validation process

1. Use the correct DOCTYPE ( Document Type Definition, or DTD)

This defines which version of HTML or XHTML your document is actually using. It's needed by browsers or other tools to process the document correctly.

Using an incomplete, outdated or no DOCTYPE at all, throws some browsers into "Quirks" mode, where the browser assumes you've written old-fashioned, invalid markup.

This means that your web pages may not render well in all the major browsers.

The DOCTYPE tag should be placed at the top of each web page.


Here are the correct DTDs to use:

HTML 4.01 Strict, Transitional, Frameset
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01
Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">XHTML 1.0 Strict,
Transitional, Frameset
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0
Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">XHTML1.1 DTD

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">


Here's an example of a web site I recently designed which has correctly validated XHTML and CSS: http://www.discount-real-estate
-listings-md.com/


2. Validate your HTML or XHTML document ( and other coding languages you have used).

If you validate your code it will make it easier for:

- search engines to index your web pages

- pages to load faster

- make your pages accessible for other devices that surf the Web.

- checking coding errors by running your pages through a validator.

3. Validate your Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).

If there are errors in your CSS, the layout of your web pages will be affected and your site will not appear correctly when viewed in any of the main browsers.
Read the Rest of the Article

About the Author:
Herman Drost is a Certified Internet Webmaster (CIW) and owner of iSiteBuild.com Web Site Design, Web Hosting, Web Site Promotion

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